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Most likely, politics had the biggest impact in leading to a delay of almost three decades before the second commercial channel became a reality. Throughout ITV's history and until Channel 4 finally became a reality, a perennial dialogue existed between the GPO, the government, the ITV companies and other interested parties, concerning the form such an expansion of commercial broadcasting would take. Indeed, television sets sold throughout the 1970s and early 1980s often had a spare tuning button labelled "ITV 2" or "IBA 2". The notion of a second commercial broadcaster in the United Kingdom had been around since the inception of ITV in 1954 and its subsequent launch in 1955 the idea of an "ITV2" was long expected and pushed for. After some months of test broadcasts, it began scheduled transmissions on 2 November 1982 from Scala House, the former site of the Scala Theatre. The Broadcasting Act 1980 began the process of adding a fourth Channel 4 was formally created, along with its Welsh counterpart, by an act of Parliament in 1982. Main article: Fourth UK television serviceīefore Channel 4 and S4C, Britain had three terrestrial television services: BBC1, BBC2, and ITV. In 2010, Channel 4 extended service into Wales and became a UK-wide television channel. It is publicly owned and advertising-funded originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the station is now owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation, a public corporation of the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, which was established in 1990 and came into operation in 1993. The channel was established to provide a fourth television service in the United Kingdom at the time the only other channels were the licence-funded BBC 1 and BBC 2, and a single commercial broadcasting network ITV. It began its transmission on 2 November 1982, the day after Welsh language broadcaster S4C's launch. Its headquarters are at 124 Horseferry Road, London, with a National HQ at the Majestic Cinema, Leeds, and creative hubs in Glasgow and Bristol. Channel 4 is a British free-to-air public service television network.